.. Copyright 2017,2019 New Vector Ltd .. .. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); .. you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. .. You may obtain a copy of the License at .. .. http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 .. .. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software .. distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, .. WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. .. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and .. limitations under the License. Room Version 1 ============== This room version is the first ever version for rooms, and contains the building blocks for other room versions. .. contents:: Table of Contents .. sectnum:: Server implementation components -------------------------------- .. WARNING:: The information contained in this section is strictly for server implementors. Applications which use the Client-Server API are generally unaffected by the details contained here, and can safely ignore their presence. The algorithms defined here should only apply to version 1 rooms. Other algorithms may be used by other room versions, and as such servers should be aware of which version room they are dealing with prior to executing a given algorithm. .. WARNING:: Although room version 1 is the most popular room version, it is known to have undesirable effects. Servers implementing support for room version 1 should be aware that restrictions should be generally relaxed and that inconsistencies may occur until room version 2 (or later) is ready and adopted. State resolution ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. WARNING:: This section documents the state resolution algorithm as implemented by Synapse as of December 2017 (and therefore the de-facto Matrix protocol). However, this algorithm is known to have some problems. The room state :math:`S'(E)` after an event :math:`E` is defined in terms of the room state :math:`S(E)` before :math:`E`, and depends on whether :math:`E` is a state event or a message event: * If :math:`E` is a message event, then :math:`S'(E) = S(E)`. * If :math:`E` is a state event, then :math:`S'(E)` is :math:`S(E)`, except that its entry corresponding to :math:`E`'s ``event_type`` and ``state_key`` is replaced by :math:`E`'s ``event_id``. The room state :math:`S(E)` before :math:`E` is the *resolution* of the set of states :math:`\{ S'(E'), S'(E''), … \}` consisting of the states after each of :math:`E`'s ``prev_event``\s :math:`\{ E', E'', … \}`. The *resolution* of a set of states is defined as follows. The resolved state is built up in a number of passes; here we use :math:`R` to refer to the results of the resolution so far. * Start by setting :math:`R` to the union of the states to be resolved, excluding any *conflicting* events. * First we resolve conflicts between ``m.room.power_levels`` events. If there is no conflict, this step is skipped, otherwise: * Assemble all the ``m.room.power_levels`` events from the states to be resolved into a list. * Sort the list by ascending ``depth`` then descending ``sha1(event_id)``. * Add the first event in the list to :math:`R`. * For each subsequent event in the list, check that the event would be allowed by the authorization rules for a room in state :math:`R`. If the event would be allowed, then update :math:`R` with the event and continue with the next event in the list. If it would not be allowed, stop and continue below with ``m.room.join_rules`` events. * Repeat the above process for conflicts between ``m.room.join_rules`` events. * Repeat the above process for conflicts between ``m.room.member`` events. * No other events affect the authorization rules, so for all other conflicts, just pick the event with the highest depth and lowest ``sha1(event_id)`` that passes authentication in :math:`R` and add it to :math:`R`. A *conflict* occurs between states where those states have different ``event_ids`` for the same ``(event_type, state_key)``. The events thus affected are said to be *conflicting* events. Authorization rules ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The types of state events that affect authorization are: - ``m.room.create`` - ``m.room.member`` - ``m.room.join_rules`` - ``m.room.power_levels`` - ``m.room.third_party_invite`` .. NOTE:: Power levels are inferred from defaults when not explicitly supplied. For example, mentions of the ``sender``'s power level can also refer to the default power level for users in the room. The rules are as follows: 1. If type is ``m.room.create``: a. If it has any previous events, reject. b. If the domain of the ``room_id`` does not match the domain of the ``sender``, reject. c. If ``content.room_version`` is present and is not a recognised version, reject. d. If ``content`` has no ``creator`` field, reject. e. Otherwise, allow. #. Reject if event has ``auth_events`` that: a. have duplicate entries for a given ``type`` and ``state_key`` pair #. have entries whose ``type`` and ``state_key`` don't match those specified by the `auth events selection`_ algorithm described in the server specification. #. If event does not have a ``m.room.create`` in its ``auth_events``, reject. #. If type is ``m.room.aliases``: a. If event has no ``state_key``, reject. b. If sender's domain doesn't matches ``state_key``, reject. c. Otherwise, allow. #. If type is ``m.room.member``: a. If no ``state_key`` key or ``membership`` key in ``content``, reject. #. If ``membership`` is ``join``: i. If the only previous event is an ``m.room.create`` and the ``state_key`` is the creator, allow. #. If the ``sender`` does not match ``state_key``, reject. #. If the ``sender`` is banned, reject. #. If the ``join_rule`` is ``invite`` then allow if membership state is ``invite`` or ``join``. #. If the ``join_rule`` is ``public``, allow. #. Otherwise, reject. #. If ``membership`` is ``invite``: i. If ``content`` has ``third_party_invite`` key: #. If *target user* is banned, reject. #. If ``content.third_party_invite`` does not have a ``signed`` key, reject. #. If ``signed`` does not have ``mxid`` and ``token`` keys, reject. #. If ``mxid`` does not match ``state_key``, reject. #. If there is no ``m.room.third_party_invite`` event in the current room state with ``state_key`` matching ``token``, reject. #. If ``sender`` does not match ``sender`` of the ``m.room.third_party_invite``, reject. #. If any signature in ``signed`` matches any public key in the ``m.room.third_party_invite`` event, allow. The public keys are in ``content`` of ``m.room.third_party_invite`` as: #. A single public key in the ``public_key`` field. #. A list of public keys in the ``public_keys`` field. #. Otherwise, reject. #. If the ``sender``'s current membership state is not ``join``, reject. #. If *target user*'s current membership state is ``join`` or ``ban``, reject. #. If the ``sender``'s power level is greater than or equal to the *invite level*, allow. #. Otherwise, reject. #. If ``membership`` is ``leave``: i. If the ``sender`` matches ``state_key``, allow if and only if that user's current membership state is ``invite`` or ``join``. #. If the ``sender``'s current membership state is not ``join``, reject. #. If the *target user*'s current membership state is ``ban``, and the ``sender``'s power level is less than the *ban level*, reject. #. If the ``sender``'s power level is greater than or equal to the *kick level*, and the *target user*'s power level is less than the ``sender``'s power level, allow. #. Otherwise, reject. #. If ``membership`` is ``ban``: i. If the ``sender``'s current membership state is not ``join``, reject. #. If the ``sender``'s power level is greater than or equal to the *ban level*, and the *target user*'s power level is less than the ``sender``'s power level, allow. #. Otherwise, reject. #. Otherwise, the membership is unknown. Reject. #. If the ``sender``'s current membership state is not ``join``, reject. #. If type is ``m.room.third_party_invite``: a. Allow if and only if ``sender``'s current power level is greater than or equal to the *invite level*. #. If the event type's *required power level* is greater than the ``sender``'s power level, reject. #. If the event has a ``state_key`` that starts with an ``@`` and does not match the ``sender``, reject. #. If type is ``m.room.power_levels``: a. If ``users`` key in ``content`` is not a dictionary with keys that are valid user IDs with values that are integers (or a string that is an integer), reject. #. If there is no previous ``m.room.power_levels`` event in the room, allow. #. For the keys ``users_default``, ``events_default``, ``state_default``, ``ban``, ``redact``, ``kick``, ``invite`` check if they were added, changed or removed. For each found alteration: i. If the current value is higher than the ``sender``'s current power level, reject. #. If the new value is higher than the ``sender``'s current power level, reject. #. For each entry being added, changed or removed in both the ``events`` and ``users`` keys: i. If the current value is higher than the ``sender``'s current power level, reject. #. If the new value is higher than the ``sender``'s current power level, reject. #. For each entry being changed under the ``users`` key, other than the ``sender``'s own entry: i. If the current value is equal to the ``sender``'s current power level, reject. #. Otherwise, allow. #. If type is ``m.room.redaction``: a. If the ``sender``'s power level is greater than or equal to the *redact level*, allow. #. If the domain of the ``event_id`` of the event being redacted is the same as the domain of the ``event_id`` of the ``m.room.redaction``, allow. #. Otherwise, reject. #. Otherwise, allow. .. NOTE:: Some consequences of these rules: * Unless you are a member of the room, the only permitted operations (apart from the initial create/join) are: joining a public room; accepting or rejecting an invitation to a room. * To unban somebody, you must have power level greater than or equal to both the kick *and* ban levels, *and* greater than the target user's power level. Event format ~~~~~~~~~~~~ Events in version 1 rooms have the following structure: {{definition_ss_pdu}} .. _`auth events selection`: ../server_server/%SERVER_RELEASE_LABEL%.html#auth-events-selection .. _`Signing Events`: ../server_server/%SERVER_RELEASE_LABEL%.html#signing-events