514 lines
23 KiB
Plaintext
514 lines
23 KiB
Plaintext
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ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
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NAME
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zipinfo - list detailed information about a ZIP archive
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SYNOPSIS
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zipinfo [-12smlvhMtTz] file[.zip] [file(s) ...]
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[-x xfile(s) ...]
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unzip -Z [-12smlvhMtTz] file[.zip] [file(s) ...]
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[-x xfile(s) ...]
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DESCRIPTION
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zipinfo lists technical information about files in a ZIP
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archive, most commonly found on MS-DOS systems. Such
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information includes file access permissions, encryption
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status, type of compression, version and operating system
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or file system of compressing program, and the like. The
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default behavior (with no options) is to list single-line
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entries for each file in the archive, with header and
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trailer lines providing summary information for the entire
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archive. The format is a cross between Unix ``ls -l'' and
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``unzip -v'' output. See DETAILED DESCRIPTION below.
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Note that zipinfo is the same program as unzip (under
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Unix, a link to it); on some systems, however, zipinfo
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support may have been omitted when unzip was compiled.
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ARGUMENTS
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file[.zip]
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Path of the ZIP archive(s). If the file specifica-
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tion is a wildcard, each matching file is processed
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in an order determined by the operating system (or
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file system). Only the filename can be a wildcard;
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the path itself cannot. Wildcard expressions are
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similar to Unix egrep(1) (regular) expressions and
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may contain:
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* matches a sequence of 0 or more characters
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? matches exactly 1 character
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[...] matches any single character found inside
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the brackets; ranges are specified by a
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beginning character, a hyphen, and an ending
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character. If an exclamation point or a
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caret (`!' or `^') follows the left bracket,
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then the range of characters within the
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brackets is complemented (that is, anything
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except the characters inside the brackets is
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considered a match).
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(Be sure to quote any character that might other-
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wise be interpreted or modified by the operating
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system, particularly under Unix and VMS.) If no
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matches are found, the specification is assumed to
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be a literal filename; and if that also fails, the
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Info-ZIP 17 February 2002 (v2.4) 1
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ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
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suffix .zip is appended. Note that self-extracting
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ZIP files are supported; just specify the .exe suf-
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fix (if any) explicitly.
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[file(s)]
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An optional list of archive members to be pro-
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cessed. Regular expressions (wildcards) may be
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used to match multiple members; see above. Again,
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be sure to quote expressions that would otherwise
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be expanded or modified by the operating system.
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[-x xfile(s)]
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An optional list of archive members to be excluded
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from processing.
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OPTIONS
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-1 list filenames only, one per line. This option
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excludes all others; headers, trailers and zipfile
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comments are never printed. It is intended for use
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in Unix shell scripts.
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-2 list filenames only, one per line, but allow head-
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ers (-h), trailers (-t) and zipfile comments (-z),
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as well. This option may be useful in cases where
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the stored filenames are particularly long.
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-s list zipfile info in short Unix ``ls -l'' format.
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This is the default behavior; see below.
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-m list zipfile info in medium Unix ``ls -l'' format.
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Identical to the -s output, except that the com-
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pression factor, expressed as a percentage, is also
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listed.
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-l list zipfile info in long Unix ``ls -l'' format.
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As with -m except that the compressed size (in
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bytes) is printed instead of the compression ratio.
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-v list zipfile information in verbose, multi-page
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format.
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-h list header line. The archive name, actual size
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(in bytes) and total number of files is printed.
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-M pipe all output through an internal pager similar
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to the Unix more(1) command. At the end of a
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screenful of output, zipinfo pauses with a
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``--More--'' prompt; the next screenful may be
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viewed by pressing the Enter (Return) key or the
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space bar. zipinfo can be terminated by pressing
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the ``q'' key and, on some systems, the
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Enter/Return key. Unlike Unix more(1), there is no
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forward-searching or editing capability. Also,
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zipinfo doesn't notice if long lines wrap at the
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Info-ZIP 17 February 2002 (v2.4) 2
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ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
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edge of the screen, effectively resulting in the
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printing of two or more lines and the likelihood
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that some text will scroll off the top of the
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screen before being viewed. On some systems the
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number of available lines on the screen is not
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detected, in which case zipinfo assumes the height
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is 24 lines.
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-t list totals for files listed or for all files. The
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number of files listed, their uncompressed and com-
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pressed total sizes, and their overall compression
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factor is printed; or, if only the totals line is
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being printed, the values for the entire archive
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are given. Note that the total compressed (data)
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size will never match the actual zipfile size,
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since the latter includes all of the internal zip-
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file headers in addition to the compressed data.
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-T print the file dates and times in a sortable deci-
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mal format (yymmdd.hhmmss). The default date for-
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mat is a more standard, human-readable version with
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abbreviated month names (see examples below).
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-z include the archive comment (if any) in the list-
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ing.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION
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zipinfo has a number of modes, and its behavior can be
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rather difficult to fathom if one isn't familiar with Unix
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ls(1) (or even if one is). The default behavior is to
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list files in the following format:
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-rw-rws--- 1.9 unx 2802 t- defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660
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The last three fields are the modification date and time
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of the file, and its name. The case of the filename is
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respected; thus files that come from MS-DOS PKZIP are
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always capitalized. If the file was zipped with a stored
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directory name, that is also displayed as part of the
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filename.
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The second and third fields indicate that the file was
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zipped under Unix with version 1.9 of zip. Since it comes
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from Unix, the file permissions at the beginning of the
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line are printed in Unix format. The uncompressed file-
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size (2802 in this example) is the fourth field.
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The fifth field consists of two characters, either of
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which may take on several values. The first character may
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be either `t' or `b', indicating that zip believes the
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file to be text or binary, respectively; but if the file
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is encrypted, zipinfo notes this fact by capitalizing the
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character (`T' or `B'). The second character may also
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take on four values, depending on whether there is an
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Info-ZIP 17 February 2002 (v2.4) 3
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ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
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extended local header and/or an ``extra field'' associated
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with the file (fully explained in PKWare's APPNOTE.TXT,
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but basically analogous to pragmas in ANSI C--i.e., they
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provide a standard way to include non-standard information
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in the archive). If neither exists, the character will be
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a hyphen (`-'); if there is an extended local header but
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no extra field, `l'; if the reverse, `x'; and if both
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exist, `X'. Thus the file in this example is (probably) a
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text file, is not encrypted, and has neither an extra
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field nor an extended local header associated with it.
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The example below, on the other hand, is an encrypted
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binary file with an extra field:
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RWD,R,R 0.9 vms 168 Bx shrk 9-Aug-91 19:15 perms.0644
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Extra fields are used for various purposes (see discussion
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of the -v option below) including the storage of VMS file
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attributes, which is presumably the case here. Note that
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the file attributes are listed in VMS format. Some other
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possibilities for the host operating system (which is
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actually a misnomer--host file system is more correct)
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include OS/2 or NT with High Performance File System
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(HPFS), MS-DOS, OS/2 or NT with File Allocation Table
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(FAT) file system, and Macintosh. These are denoted as
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follows:
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-rw-a-- 1.0 hpf 5358 Tl i4:3 4-Dec-91 11:33 longfilename.hpfs
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-r--ahs 1.1 fat 4096 b- i4:2 14-Jul-91 12:58 EA DATA. SF
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--w------- 1.0 mac 17357 bx i8:2 4-May-92 04:02 unzip.macr
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File attributes in the first two cases are indicated in a
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Unix-like format, where the seven subfields indicate
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whether the file: (1) is a directory, (2) is readable
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(always true), (3) is writable, (4) is executable (guessed
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on the basis of the extension--.exe, .com, .bat, .cmd and
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.btm files are assumed to be so), (5) has its archive bit
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set, (6) is hidden, and (7) is a system file. Interpreta-
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tion of Macintosh file attributes is unreliable because
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some Macintosh archivers don't store any attributes in the
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archive.
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Finally, the sixth field indicates the compression method
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and possible sub-method used. There are six methods known
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at present: storing (no compression), reducing, shrink-
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ing, imploding, tokenizing (never publicly released), and
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deflating. In addition, there are four levels of reducing
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(1 through 4); four types of imploding (4K or 8K sliding
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dictionary, and 2 or 3 Shannon-Fano trees); and four lev-
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els of deflating (superfast, fast, normal, maximum com-
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pression). zipinfo represents these methods and their
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sub-methods as follows: stor; re:1, re:2, etc.; shrk;
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i4:2, i8:3, etc.; tokn; and defS, defF, defN, and defX.
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The medium and long listings are almost identical to the
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Info-ZIP 17 February 2002 (v2.4) 4
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ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
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short format except that they add information on the
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file's compression. The medium format lists the file's
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compression factor as a percentage indicating the amount
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of space that has been ``removed'':
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-rw-rws--- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 81% defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660
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In this example, the file has been compressed by more than
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a factor of five; the compressed data are only 19% of the
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original size. The long format gives the compressed
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file's size in bytes, instead:
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-rw-rws--- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 538 defX 11-Aug-91 13:48 perms.2660
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Adding the -T option changes the file date and time to
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decimal format:
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-rw-rws--- 1.5 unx 2802 t- 538 defX 910811.134804 perms.2660
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Note that because of limitations in the MS-DOS format used
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to store file times, the seconds field is always rounded
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to the nearest even second. For Unix files this is
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expected to change in the next major releases of zip(1L)
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and unzip.
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In addition to individual file information, a default zip-
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file listing also includes header and trailer lines:
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Archive: OS2.zip 5453 bytes 5 files
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,,rw, 1.0 hpf 730 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:40 Contents
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,,rw, 1.0 hpf 3710 b- i4:3 26-Jun-92 23:33 makefile.os2
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,,rw, 1.0 hpf 8753 b- i8:3 26-Jun-92 15:29 os2unzip.c
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,,rw, 1.0 hpf 98 b- stor 21-Aug-91 15:34 unzip.def
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,,rw, 1.0 hpf 95 b- stor 21-Aug-91 17:51 zipinfo.def
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5 files, 13386 bytes uncompressed, 4951 bytes compressed: 63.0%
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The header line gives the name of the archive, its total
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size, and the total number of files; the trailer gives the
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number of files listed, their total uncompressed size, and
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their total compressed size (not including any of zip's
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internal overhead). If, however, one or more file(s) are
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provided, the header and trailer lines are not listed.
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This behavior is also similar to that of Unix's ``ls -l'';
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it may be overridden by specifying the -h and -t options
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explicitly. In such a case the listing format must also
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be specified explicitly, since -h or -t (or both) in the
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absence of other options implies that ONLY the header or
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trailer line (or both) is listed. See the EXAMPLES sec-
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tion below for a semi-intelligible translation of this
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nonsense.
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The verbose listing is mostly self-explanatory. It also
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lists file comments and the zipfile comment, if any, and
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the type and number of bytes in any stored extra fields.
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Info-ZIP 17 February 2002 (v2.4) 5
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ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
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Currently known types of extra fields include PKWARE's
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authentication (``AV'') info; OS/2 extended attributes;
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VMS filesystem info, both PKWARE and Info-ZIP versions;
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Macintosh resource forks; Acorn/Archimedes SparkFS info;
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and so on. (Note that in the case of OS/2 extended
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attributes--perhaps the most common use of zipfile extra
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fields--the size of the stored EAs as reported by zipinfo
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may not match the number given by OS/2's dir command: OS/2
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always reports the number of bytes required in 16-bit for-
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mat, whereas zipinfo always reports the 32-bit storage.)
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ENVIRONMENT OPTIONS
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Modifying zipinfo's default behavior via options placed in
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an environment variable can be a bit complicated to
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explain, due to zipinfo's attempts to handle various
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defaults in an intuitive, yet Unix-like, manner. (Try not
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to laugh.) Nevertheless, there is some underlying logic.
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In brief, there are three ``priority levels'' of options:
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the default options; environment options, which can over-
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ride or add to the defaults; and explicit options given by
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the user, which can override or add to either of the
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above.
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The default listing format, as noted above, corresponds
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roughly to the "zipinfo -hst" command (except when indi-
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vidual zipfile members are specified). A user who prefers
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the long-listing format (-l) can make use of the zipinfo's
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environment variable to change this default:
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Unix Bourne shell:
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ZIPINFO=-l; export ZIPINFO
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Unix C shell:
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setenv ZIPINFO -l
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OS/2 or MS-DOS:
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set ZIPINFO=-l
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VMS (quotes for lowercase):
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define ZIPINFO_OPTS "-l"
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If, in addition, the user dislikes the trailer line, zip-
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info's concept of ``negative options'' may be used to
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override the default inclusion of the line. This is
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accomplished by preceding the undesired option with one or
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more minuses: e.g., ``-l-t'' or ``--tl'', in this exam-
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ple. The first hyphen is the regular switch character,
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but the one before the `t' is a minus sign. The dual use
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of hyphens may seem a little awkward, but it's reasonably
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intuitive nonetheless: simply ignore the first hyphen and
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go from there. It is also consistent with the behavior of
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the Unix command nice(1).
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As suggested above, the default variable names are
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Info-ZIP 17 February 2002 (v2.4) 6
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ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
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ZIPINFO_OPTS for VMS (where the symbol used to install
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zipinfo as a foreign command would otherwise be confused
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with the environment variable), and ZIPINFO for all other
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operating systems. For compatibility with zip(1L), ZIPIN-
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FOOPT is also accepted (don't ask). If both ZIPINFO and
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ZIPINFOOPT are defined, however, ZIPINFO takes precedence.
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unzip's diagnostic option (-v with no zipfile name) can be
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used to check the values of all four possible unzip and
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zipinfo environment variables.
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EXAMPLES
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To get a basic, short-format listing of the complete con-
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tents of a ZIP archive storage.zip, with both header and
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totals lines, use only the archive name as an argument to
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zipinfo:
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zipinfo storage
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To produce a basic, long-format listing (not verbose),
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including header and totals lines, use -l:
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zipinfo -l storage
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To list the complete contents of the archive without
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header and totals lines, either negate the -h and -t
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options or else specify the contents explicitly:
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zipinfo --h-t storage
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zipinfo storage \*
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(where the backslash is required only if the shell would
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otherwise expand the `*' wildcard, as in Unix when glob-
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bing is turned on--double quotes around the asterisk would
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have worked as well). To turn off the totals line by
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default, use the environment variable (C shell is assumed
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here):
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setenv ZIPINFO --t
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zipinfo storage
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To get the full, short-format listing of the first example
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again, given that the environment variable is set as in
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the previous example, it is necessary to specify the -s
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option explicitly, since the -t option by itself implies
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that ONLY the footer line is to be printed:
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setenv ZIPINFO --t
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zipinfo -t storage [only totals line]
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zipinfo -st storage [full listing]
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The -s option, like -m and -l, includes headers and foot-
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ers by default, unless otherwise specified. Since the
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environment variable specified no footers and that has a
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higher precedence than the default behavior of -s, an
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Info-ZIP 17 February 2002 (v2.4) 7
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ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
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explicit -t option was necessary to produce the full list-
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ing. Nothing was indicated about the header, however, so
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the -s option was sufficient. Note that both the -h and
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-t options, when used by themselves or with each other,
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override any default listing of member files; only the
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header and/or footer are printed. This behavior is useful
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when zipinfo is used with a wildcard zipfile specifica-
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tion; the contents of all zipfiles are then summarized
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with a single command.
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To list information on a single file within the archive,
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in medium format, specify the filename explicitly:
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zipinfo -m storage unshrink.c
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The specification of any member file, as in this example,
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will override the default header and totals lines; only
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the single line of information about the requested file
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will be printed. This is intuitively what one would
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expect when requesting information about a single file.
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For multiple files, it is often useful to know the total
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compressed and uncompressed size; in such cases -t may be
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specified explicitly:
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zipinfo -mt storage "*.[ch]" Mak\*
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To get maximal information about the ZIP archive, use the
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verbose option. It is usually wise to pipe the output
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into a filter such as Unix more(1) if the operating system
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allows it:
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zipinfo -v storage | more
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Finally, to see the most recently modified files in the
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archive, use the -T option in conjunction with an external
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sorting utility such as Unix sort(1) (and tail(1) as well,
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in this example):
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zipinfo -T storage | sort -n +6 | tail -15
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The -n option to sort(1) tells it to sort numerically
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rather than in ASCII order, and the +6 option tells it to
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sort on the sixth field after the first one (i.e., the
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seventh field). This assumes the default short-listing
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format; if -m or -l is used, the proper sort(1) option
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would be +7. The tail(1) command filters out all but the
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last 15 lines of the listing. Future releases of zipinfo
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may incorporate date/time and filename sorting as built-in
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options.
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TIPS
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The author finds it convenient to define an alias ii for
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zipinfo on systems that allow aliases (or, on other sys-
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tems, copy/rename the executable, create a link or create
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Info-ZIP 17 February 2002 (v2.4) 8
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ZIPINFO(1L) ZIPINFO(1L)
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a command file with the name ii). The ii usage parallels
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the common ll alias for long listings in Unix, and the
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similarity between the outputs of the two commands was
|
|
intentional.
|
|
|
|
BUGS
|
|
As with unzip, zipinfo's -M (``more'') option is overly
|
|
simplistic in its handling of screen output; as noted
|
|
above, it fails to detect the wrapping of long lines and
|
|
may thereby cause lines at the top of the screen to be
|
|
scrolled off before being read. zipinfo should detect and
|
|
treat each occurrence of line-wrap as one additional line
|
|
printed. This requires knowledge of the screen's width as
|
|
well as its height. In addition, zipinfo should detect
|
|
the true screen geometry on all systems.
|
|
|
|
zipinfo's listing-format behavior is unnecessarily complex
|
|
and should be simplified. (This is not to say that it
|
|
will be.)
|
|
|
|
SEE ALSO
|
|
ls(1), funzip(1L), unzip(1L), unzipsfx(1L), zip(1L), zip-
|
|
cloak(1L), zipnote(1L), zipsplit(1L)
|
|
|
|
URL
|
|
The Info-ZIP home page is currently at
|
|
http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/
|
|
or
|
|
ftp://ftp.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/ .
|
|
|
|
AUTHOR
|
|
Greg ``Cave Newt'' Roelofs. ZipInfo contains pattern-
|
|
matching code by Mark Adler and fixes/improvements by many
|
|
others. Please refer to the CONTRIBS file in the UnZip
|
|
source distribution for a more complete list.
|
|
|
|
Info-ZIP 17 February 2002 (v2.4) 9
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|
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